Arid Agriculture & the Communalism of the Turkana

In this episode, we explore the evolution of the indigenous people of Lake Turkana. We look at how their subsistence farming evolved with a rapidly shifting climate and how both the ecology benefits from human involvement & how a unique collectivist and individualist community format allows for the community to quickly change practices to meet the unpredictable landscape. We wrap it up talking about the damages of colonialism on these resilient communities.   Sources: Usufruct Rights to Trees: The Role of Ekwar in Dryland Central Turkana, KenyaEdmund G. C. Barrow https://sci-hub.se/https://www.jstor.org/stable/4602963?seq=1   Impacts of shifting agriculture on a floodplain woodland regeneration in dryland, Kenya G. Oba, N.C. Stenseth, & R.B. Weladji sci-hub.se/10.1016/S0167-8809(01)00355-3 Land Use, Ecology, and Socio-economic Changes in a Pastoral Production System M. Okoti, J.C. Ng'ethe, W.N. Ekaya, & D. M. Mbuvi https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09709274.2004.11905720   Holocene occupation of the Mount Porr strand plain in southern Lake Turkana, Kenya David Wright, S.L. Forman https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David_Wright/publication/281536573_Holocene_occupation_of_the_Mount_Porr_strand_plain_in_southern_Lake_Turkana_Kenya/links/55f7f62a08aeafc8ac080dfe.pdf   Indigenous management systems as a basis for community forestry in Tanzania  George C. Kajembe https://library.wur.nl/WebQuery/wurpubs/fulltext/117147   The value of traditional knowledge in present-day soil conservation practice: the example of West Pokot and Turkana Edmund Geoffrey Barrow file:///C:/Users/Andy/Downloads/SoilConPokot-Turkana1986-208.pdf   Ethnobotany of the Turkana: Use of Plants by a Pastoral People and Their Livestock in Kenya W. T. W. Morgan https://www.jstor.org/stable/4254252?seq=1